Figure 5

Incidence and features of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in mechanical heart valves and immunologic cardiac diseases

Manzoor H Mangi*, Ulrich Stock, Kanval Ali, Eftychia Galiatsou, Visuvanathan Jeyakumar, Ana Hurtado Doce, Paul Harris and Sunil K Bhudia

Published: 05 January, 2022 | Volume 6 - Issue 1 | Pages: 001-008

ach-aid1028-g005

Figure 5:

A: Modified diagnostic Iceberg model: Illustration shows different laboratory diagnostic results for cardiothoracic patients. Black zone indicating non-immune and non-HIT causes of thrombocytopenia. Green and blue zones show non-pathological HIT with pan reactive antibodies and some with IgG HIT+ but negative for PFA and no clinical symptoms. Yellow zone shows pathological symptomatic HIT with PFA and HIT IgG positive. The Brown zone indicates HIT with thrombosis and the red zone shows spontaneous immune HIT/T in some mechanical heart valves or cardiac devices or remitting and relapsing HIT on Argatroban. B: Cardiothoracic HIT and treatment options: and immunotherapy interventions. Various arrows show cross-talk and cross-over between various zones in pathologic clinical entities with remitting, progression, spontaneous and relapsing courses.

Read Full Article HTML DOI: 10.29328/journal.ach.1001028 Cite this Article Read Full Article PDF

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